Business Risk and Inherent Risk Assessment

Question: Examine about the Business Risk and Inherent Risk Assessment. Answer: Presentation Envision a circumstance where an organization lost around 50 percent of its capital through questionable budgetary ventures that have not been properly affirmed and approved. The result is critical. It will just take one money related detailing for the corporate world to realize that something has been turning out badly. How one deals with a business hazard decides the worth that will be acknowledged by the investors. The job of the leading body of the board and other senior officials in the corporate world is evaluating business chances that may impede them from accomplishing the authoritative targets (Hayes et al. 2005). The instance of HIH Insurance Limited obviously affirms this announcement. The organization collapsed in light of the fact that it didn't take part in broad counsels before making critical speculations and furthermore on account of inability to do due constancy to decide the reasonability of a given venture and the related hazard. In this investigation, the convers ation will talk about different business dangers and natural dangers related with the organization disappointment, the predominant lawful risk and the business morals that all individuals accused of top authority should work out. Business Risk and Inherent Risk Assessments Evaluating the Business Risk of HIH Insurance Limited The business danger of HIH Insurance Ltd could be controlled by taking a gander at its business procedure and how choices are made. From the organization situation, it is uncovered that there is no reasonable dynamic procedure. The organization made significant interests in the protection business by buying FAI Insurance, World Marines and General Insurance and Cotesworth. It did this without expound board individuals interviews. Further, the organization accepted venture bargains without doing due determination. This has an intense hazard in light of the fact that the business couldn't distinguish what such moves have for the organization and the drawn out impact. The hazard viewpoint was not paid attention to before settling on any money related choice. In basic terms, in this manner, the appraisal of the business hazard is established on how choices are made (Hayes et al. 2005). Given the proof from the organization like shaping the merger with Winterthur and the overseeing of bus iness activities that were not open and straightforward, plainly, show the business chance appraisal circumstance for HIH Insurance Ltd. Coming up next are the natural hazard factors influencing HIH Exclusion: The particular oversight that adds up to the characteristic danger of HIH Insurance Ltd is the approval of the plan issue on the October 26th, 1998 by the Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Mr. William. The outline omitted some significant data about the organization exercises which could have educated the partners on the organization plan. Extortion: This is likewise another intrinsic hazard related with the organization. This is shown by the situation where Mr. Howard was accused of criminal unfortunate behavior. He received $124,000 from Mr. Brad Cooper to encourage the installment of $737,000. Howard authorized the installment despite the fact that it had just been released. This was cash lost. Top administration conduct: The top administration likewise appears not to function as a group. The chiefs can settle on significant choices separately with including the others. This is seen from the marking of reports by the CEO without the support by different executives. Distortion: This is one of the normal natural dangers in the organization. The CEO used to sign proclamations which were not and in this way misleading the partners. The executive signed deluding letters separated from marking the reports that exaggerated the working benefits in the period 1998/1999. The report demonstrated $92.4 million preceding unusual things and personal assessment. These elements whenever identified could have an intrinsic hazard evaluation. Be that as it may, in light of the fact that they were submitted without the notification of different partners, it is difficult to stop them. This is an issue of administration and how they add to significant issues influencing the organization. The appraisal of these dangers will have shielded the organization from awful practices and bungle of assets. Legitimate Liability In Australia, the indebtedness rules and different systems high respect both the customers and the loan bosses during the liquidation procedure (ICLG, 2017). This is to state that they reserve an option to profess to be paid what the organizations owed them during the deal continues. This is to state that the customers and the lenders will have a possibility of getting paid toward the end. Nonetheless, this relies upon certain elements that as brought up for the situation of Commissioner of Taxation v Australian Building Systems Pty Ltd (In Liquidation) [2014] FCAFC 133 8 October 2014. The litigant was selling while the complainant (Commissioner of Taxation) was looking for bearing from the court on how the gathering duties will be paid. From the offer of the organization land property, it figured out how to get $1.2m. The offended party needed to get an authoritative as guided by Section 254 of the Income Tax Act (1936) to have all collecting charges paid before some other installme nts can be made (Meyer, 2014). The complainant needed the vendor to completely record to the chief of charges before any notification to appraisal can be given. This was important to guarantee that the Commission got its legitimate offer as required by the law since the offer of the organization property was a business exchange and hence subject to making good on charge. The issue in court was to decide under area 254(1) (d) of ITAA 1936 if the Commission was to be paid the full assessment obligated sum owed by the organization before giving any need to any loan bosses. The assessment law requires the vendor to be ordered in such a case as a result of their job as a trustee. As a trustee, one serves the obligation of making holds from business continues to make good on the assessment. Following the entries of the two gatherings and the use of law, the appointed authority issued a preventative articulation about the dissemination of offer continues. The outlet was required to be reasonable and hold some portion of the returns to pay for some different commitments. The court additionally required the vendor to hold the returns until the specific situation of the expense obligation was set up. Fundamentally, this case shapes a basic foundation for the situation in regards to HIH Insurance Ltd. The case proofs that the customers and lenders can hold the outlet obligated, nonetheless, for one condition. All state commitments must be first from the capital additions. It, in this way, implies the two can be paid, if everything or not will rely upon the parities in the wake of making good on the duty (Hayes et al. 2005). The accompanying conditions must exist for the carelessness activity to be held: Nearness the obligation to mind: HIH Insurance Ltd had the obligation to think about their customers and the banks. The organization was relied upon to act in a sensible way to ensure their inclinations. In any case, the organization was flippant, and their activities were flighty. Break of ones obligation: Further, the organization failed to act in a sensible way towards its customers and loan bosses for not imparting to them right data. The injury caused: The customers and lenders were harmed on the grounds that they were not paid for the administrations rendered. The presence of fiscal misfortunes: The administrations gave by the customers and loan bosses can be evaluated in money related terms. Morals The organization needed to employ earlier individuals from this outside review group to come and devastate the proof of the wrongs that had been done in the organization. This plainly shows a disappointment in business morals since there is an away from of intrigue. The direct can't do oversight job of themselves since they won't give verifiable business position (Gckler Armbrster, 2003). Coming up next are the benefits of an organization having a similar firm do both the evaluating and the consultancy administrations: Economies of scale: Because of the measure of work which is tremendous, the organization can have the option to deal and improve bargain with respect to cost reserve funds. This is on the grounds that costs like exchange costs will be steady. Advancing demonstrable skill: It is additionally significant for the organization to comprehend that the firm that does the examining comprehends the organization frameworks better and can give progressively pragmatic suggestions (Hayes et al. 2005). This is on the grounds that they have direct data about the business situation and the difficulties being confronted. c) Circumstances give a situation where there no work and administration morals. To begin with, the main model offers ascend to an irreconcilable circumstance (Hayes et al. 2005). This is on the grounds that at one hand, the inspectors are examining organization and then again they assume an oversight job of what they have reviewed. In view of the measure of cash that Andersens was paid for a long time, one could be left miracle if the organization got an incentive for its cash. Andersens was paid about $15 million. This figure is colossal. This shows something isn't right with the board. Further, the review firm is just expert in review and can't give other consultancy administrations. They just give a report to execute. d) The principle subject of the report is about the autonomy of review. The proposals include: The Corporate Act to have a provision requiring the freedom of reviewers. In money related reports, there ought to consistently be an assertion that the freedom of inspectors was seen as required by the Act. The proposals likewise addressed the connection between the examiners and the customers, build up of the inspector autonomy board lastly, improve review advisory groups to make different decisions about review administrations and collecting expenses (The Federal Government, 2001). Despite the fact that the proposals are a significant achievement in the corporate world, they might not have a significant effect. This is on the grounds that the proposals have obviously expressed what the results are for those accomplices that don't foll

How Much Air Force One Cost

The amount Air Force One Cost Flying corps One, the airplane that move the leader of the United States, costâ about $2 billion to assemble and more than $200,000 to fly, as indicated by government spending records and distributed reports. Citizens pay for a few or the entirety of the Air Force One cost whether or not the presidents plane is utilized for authentic excursions or informal, political purposes. The two most up to date Air Force One planes, both modelsâ 747-8, are being equipped by Boeing at a consolidated expense of about $3.9 billion and were to take off in 2021. The White House decides if utilization of Air Force One is for official or political purposes. Ordinarily the Boeing 747 is utilized for a mix of occasions. Explicit Air Force One Costs The $200,000-in addition to hourly Air Force One cost covers everything from fuel, upkeep, designing help, food and housing for the pilots and group and other operational costs that incorporate the utilization of exceptional correspondences hardware. Notwithstanding the hourly expense of Air Force One, citizens spread compensations for Secret Service staff and different partners who travel with the president. Once in a while, when there are in excess of 75 individuals going with the president, the government will utilize a second traveler plane to oblige them. What is an Official Trip? Maybe the most well-known case of legitimate Air Force One use by the president is bridging the United States to clarify and win support for his organizations arrangements. Another is voyaging abroad on legitimate state business to meet with remote pioneers, for example, President Barack Obamas 2010 stumble on Air Force One to India. At the point when a president goes on authentic business, citizens spread all Air Force One expenses including food, housing and vehicle rentals, as indicated by the Congressional Research Service. During legitimate excursions citizens likewise spread the expense of movement for the presidents close family and staff. What is a Political Trip? The most widely recognized case of a political stumble on Air Force One is the point at which the president goes to a goal in his job not as president yet as true pioneer of his ideological group. Such travel is go to pledge drives, crusade rallies or gathering occasions. On the battle field, Obama and other presidential chosen people have additionally been able to utilize reinforced transports that cost more than $1 million each. At the point when Air Force One is utilized for political purposes, the president frequently repays the administration for the expense of food, housing and travel. The president or his political race takes care of a sum that is likeness the airfare that they would have paid had they utilized a business aircraft, as indicated by the Congressional Research Service. As indicated by The Associated Press, however, the president or his battle doesn't pay for the whole Air Force One activity cost. They pays a sum that depends on the quantity of individuals load up the plane. Citizens despite everything get the expense of Secret Service specialists and the activity of Air Force One. Political and Officials Trips The a president and his family and staff travel on Air Force One for a blend of political and authorities purposes, they normally repay citizens for the piece of the excursion that is viewed as crusading. For instance, if half of the presidents trip is gone through fund-raising for his or another authorities political decision, he or his battle will repay citizens for a large portion of the expense of his movement, food and housing. There are hazy areas, obviously. At the point when they travel and show up openly to shield their approach positions, the contrast between their official obligations and their exercises as pioneers of their ideological group can be hard to survey, the Congressional Research Service state. Accordingly, the White House chooses the idea of movement dependent upon the situation, endeavoring to decide if each outing, or some portion of an excursion, is or isn't authentic by considering the idea of the occasion in question, and the job of the individual in question.

Individual Analysis free essay sample

Nursing is an ever-changing and developing calling. Instruments, for example, the extension and guidelines for nursing, state nursing lawful guidelines, code of morals, and general standards of theory are utilized to set norms and advance development inside the calling. I utilize these standards and gauges day by day in my profession as an enrolled nurture (RN). In this paper I will talk about the significance of these components in my vocation, and how they all add to making results fruitful for all included. American Nurses Association Scope of Practice There are six set guidelines of the nursing practice; appraisal, determination, result recognizable proof, arranging, execution, and assessment (ANA, 2010; pp. 9-10). All through a run of the mill move on the unit I work for, I have set assignments I am relied upon to finish so as to advance the patient’s care, and to keep the patient safe. I start my day of work by finishing my underlying appraisal on my patient. We will compose a custom paper test on Singular Analysis or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page During this time, I am becoming more acquainted with my patient and evaluating if there are any new issues that need my prompt intercession. From here, I am ready to talk about fitting objectives for the day with my patient. This may come through expanding versatility, by strolling around the unit, diminishing agony, or just washing up. Next, I plan when and how these undertakings will have the option to be performed and arrange care with the proper individuals from the group, for example, nursing associates and physical advisors. Assessing the patient after any mediation helps with finding what works and what doesn't for the person. â€Å"The nursing process practically speaking isn't straight as regularly conceptualized, with a criticism circle from assessment to appraisal. Or maybe, it depends vigorously on the bi-directional input circles from each component† (ANA, 2013; p.3). Explicit State Legal Regulations The Ohio Nurses Association (ONA), has set up legitimate guidelines for the individuals who work on nursing. â€Å"The guideline of nursing practice is basic to the security of general wellbeing and welfare† (ONA, 2012; p.1). These guidelines set up the principles for turning into a RN. One of the primary norms is that a RN will be authorized simply in the wake of finishing a â€Å"educational program affirmed by the state leading body of nursing and breeze through a permitting assessment before a permit to rehearse is granted† (ONA, 2012; p.1). To turn into a RN, I finished my partner degree in nursing (ADN) at Columbus State Community College. I at that point breezed through the National Council Licensure Examination (NCLEX) to get my permit. Arrangements 7, 8, 9 â€Å"Provision 7 moves the medical attendant to take an interest in the profession’s commitments to society by being effectively connected with its encouraging and development† (Fowler, 2010; p. 91). Instruction is a consistent component in my profession as a medical caretaker. At the state level, I am required to have a set measure of proceeding with training hours at regular intervals to convey a substantial nursing permit. Through my emergency clinic, I should be present with my cardiopulmonary revival (CPR), be comfortable with changes in strategies and systems, and be acquainted with the various conclusions on my unit, for example, ischemic strokes and subarachnoid hemorrhages. I am likewise proceeding with my training by taking classes to win my four year certification in scientific studies in nursing (BSN). It isn't just my duty to advance my instruction, however it is likewise significant for me to help other people proceed with their training too. I have done this on my unit by situating new medical caretakers. This is significant on the grounds that in addition to the fact that it educates others, however it likewise strengthens what I have realized during my time as a RN. In the emergency clinic that I work at I am in consistent contact with various societies and ethnic gatherings. Without using arrangement 8, my consideration for patients would fundamentally endure. By having an authentic regard for my patient’s culture and qualities, another degree of trust can be made. Having trust in the clinical field is an absolute necessity, particularly for an ethnic gathering that might be a minority in the network. â€Å"Provision 8 accentuates socially different overall populaces, regard for people and their lifestyles, and social qualities, burden, affectability, and competence† (Fowler, 2010; p.114). Social morals are the essential focal point of arrangement 9. â€Å"There are three significant elements of social morals, all which fall inside the real, if not fundamental circle of the expert nursing affiliation: change of the calling, epidictic talk (which is a kind of open qualities based talking), and social reform† (Fowler, 2010; p.123). Finding out about this arrangement has caused me to understand that I have to turn out to be increasingly engaged with social issues relating human services. A case of a medical attendant, who battled for social change, is Margaret Higgins Sanger. As per (Fowler, 2010; p.130), Sanger battled for women’s option to utilize contraception. She battled by teaching other ladies through her distribution The Woman Rebel. There have been numerous different medical attendants that have molded the calling of nursing, human services, and social issues. Philosophical Forces In my own and expert life I endeavor to do the ‘right’ thing. Before settling on an important choice I attempt to exceed the great and the terrible. â€Å"Moral reasoning is the philosophical conversation of what is viewed as positive or negative, correct, in wording or good issues. Moral issues are those which are fundamental, essential, or significant. They manage significant social qualities or standards, for example, regard forever, opportunity, and love; gives that incite the still, small voice or such sentiments as blame, disgrace, confidence, fearlessness or hope† (Burkhardt Nathanial, 2008; p. 29). As a medical attendant, I feel that I have to have a solid good way of thinking that I won't leave so as to ensure my patients. My own ethical way of thinking is to do what is best for the patient, by keeping them liberated from hurt, and regarding the individual’s qualities and wishes. Moral Principles and Theories Moral standards and qualities impact my training in nursing. The moral measures value, regard for human respect, equity, and independence help to keep the patient liberated from hurt (Noble-Adams, 1999). During bedside strategies, for example focal line arrangement, these norms ought to consistently be set up. As a medical attendant, I should ensure that the method would in certainty advantage the patient and that the patient is liberated from hurt. Before starting the method, educated assent must be marked by the patient. On the off chance that the patient can't do so the patient’s intensity of lawyer must be educated and sign. While the focal line is being set I should ensure that the patient security is being accomplished, and that the best possible procedures are being utilized to keep the patient liberated from disease. This is only one case of how moral standards and hypotheses are utilized on my nursing unit. Without these standards and rules, I am not ready to develop as a medical caretaker. Regular choices about the consideration I provide for my patients will be guided by fundamental way of thinking and moral guidelines. I feel that in my four years of nursing, my training has been reliable with these guidelines. As a RN, I feel it is essential to consistently look for development in all parts of my profession. Making a stride back and self-reflecting will permit me to discover zones of progress important to improve the consideration that I provide for my patients.

These Tips Will Help in Writing Synthesis Essays

These Tips Will Help in Writing Synthesis Essays Composing An Interesting Synthesis Essay Composing an alluring amalgamation article may sound intense, however after this guided strategy to keeping in touch with one, your observation will thoroughly change. To get it, you ought to characterize what amalgamation is. To incorporate intends to assemble a few components and make something new. You more likely than not found out about the connection between proposal, direct opposite, and amalgamation at this point, on the off chance that not, at that point it alright. This implies for each point raised, there is a contradiction. There is a mix of the two outcomes in the blend of another point, where the two perspectives are reconfigured together to give out another proposal. A combination article involves osmosis of various components that concur or negate to give out a solitary viewpoint when synchrony is applied. Union Essay Definition Thinking of a union paper is simple. You are relied upon to investigate a specific topic, and think of sources that help your contention. The test emerges in the transformation of the data acquired into your independent perspective. For example, you are given ten sources that have clashing, or fluctuating discernments about the extraordinary discouragement. You are required to use just a few sources (if not all) to incorporate your self-composed union exposition. Your composed papers ought to have a proposition which obviously puts over the point you are attempting to make, in view of the data gathered from the picked subjects. Abstain from summing up the focuses, yet rather, center around making a point out of them. This is on the grounds that a large portion of the perusers know about the substance of the sources and there is no requirement for reiteration. Rather, utilize the sources as help to contentions that you expect to feature. Methods of Writing a Captivating Synthesis Essay The accompanying model will help you in understanding the way toward coming up this an amalgamation exposition. Let’s state you are given ten sources, each discussing Superman. Out of the ten, four sources are papers on Christian Bale’s Batman, Adam West’s Batman, Ben Affleck’s Batman, and Michael Keaton’s Batman individually. Four different articles show a photograph of every on-screen character while in their character, Batman. The other two are factual information in diagrams and outlines, where one shows the movies returns of the four movies with each having Batman as the star, while different shows the appraisals each got by bad tomatoes. Also, you are given the accompanying brief: Given that you have an official situation in a significant film studio that is ordered to bring back the Batman establishment, incorporate utilizing the sources gave, an article portraying how the studio should deal with the Batman character in this most recent rebou nd move. To begin, you ought to experience the data on each source and let the data hit home and get acquainted with it. While at it, allude to the brief given and make ends dependent on it. What are the reasons the studio ought to embrace a specific heading to deal with Batmans character effectively? By responding to such an inquiry, you as of now have figured your postulation. In the wake of finishing your proposition, you are required to develop your framework. It is normal information that it ought to have a presentation and an end. In the middle of these two components are the primary concerns that help your contention, expressed in the presentation under postulation, and re-expressed taking everything into account. Bolster each point put across with sources gave. Union Essay Outline Corresponding to the superman subject, I will feature how best you should structure and sort out your work to think of a five star blend paper Presentation The character of Batman has developed in various structures throughout the years Each purpose of development has spoken to a topic well known during that time Adam Wests Batman character spoke to the awkward fun of the 1960s Keaton’s Batman character spoke to the differentiating scene view of the 1990s Bale’s Batman character spoke to the authenticity interest for the 21st-century needing for another genuine saint Afflecks Batman character spoke to the developing ubiquity of comic books in different types, converges with filmmaking, yet at the same time using the dismal authenticity showed by Bales Batman character. Breathing life into the character back ought to include thought of the intended interest group, day by day real factors, and the things the crowd need to find in the film. The new Batman character ought to be both fun and shrewdness, with a mix of insight, unpredictability, and torment. Finding the Right Movie Attitude in First Body Paragraph Every one of the diverse Batman film appearances has realized another marvel Advancing the character ought to apply creativity, yet at the same time, adhere to the genuine idea of the characters viewpoints that have not been presented at this point. Wests Batman character is an analyst, in this way indicating creativity in the presentation of another Batman character wearing a cape and leaving on a vigilante campaign. Appreciate the Moments in Second Body Paragraph All appearances of Batman have energized watchers As per the survey led by bad tomatoes, the best appearances depend on the fun anticipated in character for the film Another advanced Batman character is unquestionably energizing and agreeable Be Realistic in Third Body Paragraph Wests Batman character is a tone for the sake of entertainment in viewing the film Keaton’s Batman character showed a gothic, bad dream like topic Bunch and Affleck had an intention to feature valor, authenticity, and style in the character Appraisals of the movies show the predominance in deals and crowd perspective creation them the greatest champs Developing of the character adds enjoyable to the substance and film inside and out End Batman has an alternate character depiction on screen With the going feelings depicting the best Batman character, genuine proof connotes the fun in advancing the character, and it ought to be genuine and center around exposing another part of the character that has not been created on screen Subjects to Consider for a Synthesis Essay Combination article subjects are lined up with reals include: Your considerations about a worldwide temperature alteration The exertion that should be taken to embrace financial improvement for food Approaches to battle fear mongering and diminish a to and fro circumstance throughout the years What’s your assessment concerning hereditarily adjusted nourishments? Over reliance on advanced innovation in this developing age Typically, the theme or brief is profited, together with the sources that should be utilized. Making the topic from this is in this way simple. Notwithstanding, profound accentuation and center ought to be handed-off to building up another theory that no sources gave has it in their writing, think about perusing your sources and brief a few times, handle the idea and build up a postulation tending to the gave brief, and identifies with the sources recently gave. A Guide Sample of a Synthesis Essay You are given two combination paper models. Each will portray various procedures of approach in taking care of this kind of exposition. The principal article uses the layout and sources surrendered to accompany the necessary exposition. For the subsequent paper, expect that it depends on three various sources: an article by Jones, Book created by Garrard, and introduction done by Schultz. Expect that each source talks about a viewpoint identified with Hamlets character. At long last, you will understand that the paper incorporates the viewpoints of the three sources into a contention. Batman: The Evolution The character of Batman has advanced throughout the years, with every appearance speaking to a famous component at the hour of its origination. Adam Wests Batman character spoke to the goofy fun of the 1960s. Keatons Batman character spoke to the world impression of the 1990s. Bundles Batman character represented the authenticity interest for the 21st-century longing for another genuine saint. Afflecks Batman character connoted the developing prevalence of comic books in various types converges with filmmaking while as yet using the dreary surenesses showed by Bales Batman character. With an end goal to upset Batmans character, our studio should think about the present topic embraced and what the crowds truly need. The new Batman character ought to be both fun and malice, with a mix of knowledge, multifaceted nature, and torment. The proof additionally shows that each new Batman character speaks to something else based on what was depicted previously. This paper will ponder how the n ew Batman character ought to be delineated on screen, in importance to the gave sources. Finding the correct film disposition establishes the tone required to develop the Batman character. Every one of the distinctive Batman film appearances has achieved another display. Developing the character ought to apply inventiveness, yet at the same time, adhere to the genuine idea of the characters viewpoints that have not been presented at this point. An exposition on Wests Batman shows that the character is an investigator, in this way demonstrating inventiveness in the presentation of another Batman character wearing a cape and setting out on a vigilante campaign. In this manner, by achieving another character angle as Batman being a criminologist will make the crowd discover the introduction as intriguing and amusing to watch. You should, notwithstanding, remember that the crowd inclines toward fun over-reality in film according to survey by bad tomatoes. This is the motivation behind why numerous pundits ruin Afflecks Batman character, which they believed that it was excessively dim and bombastic. Our advanced rendition ought to embrace fun, yet at the same time, keep away from the goofy part of Wests Batman. Keatons Batman character brought harmony among parody and disaster; in this way the character picked to speak to our establishment ought to have a comparative appeal about him. This will guarantee that the crowd gets both rush and fun as

Raphael Lemkin Free Essays

The Raphael Lemkin Award of the Institute for the Study of Genocide praises a pioneer in social equity. Raphael Lemkin, a lawyer plunged from Polish Jews, lived from 1900-1959 through two universal wars and the Great Depression. Conceived in Imperial Russia before the October Revolution, he saw his related ethnic gatherings endure outrages in the mid twentieth century. We will compose a custom article test on Raphael Lemkin or on the other hand any comparable point just for you Request Now This additional later to his enthusiasm for the bigger issue of massacre, a word he made from genos (Greek: race) and â€cide (Latin: executing). During his alumni law training, he concentrated on the 1915 Armenian Genocide (ch. 1) of WWI and supported its abrogation in the League of Nations. He assumed the instance of Soghomon Tehlirian, professional killer of a previous Turkish Minister of the Interior as retribution for his job in the Armenian Genocide. Lemkin proceeded onward to support casualties of the 1933 slaughter of Christian Assyrians by Iraqis and afterward upheld for the minorities focused by Nazis in Europe (ch. 2), particularly Jews and the Poles. Joining the Polish Army, he himself lost 49 family members in the Holocaust. His examinations and his background drove him on. It was hard to persuade America, different Allies, and the world that a Holocaust was really happening (ch. 3), halfway because of hostile to Semitism in numerous locales. Furthermore, significant countries were concentrating to retaliate the Nazis and the Japanese in two theaters, with little notification from the outset of the predicament of the Jews and the ghetto Poles. Realizing this was all reality, Lemkin crusaded to instruct the world about mass homicide by naming it destruction and giving it the darkest character. In 1944, he distributed Axis Rule in Occupied Europe, with his meaning of this abomination and kept on pushing his body of evidence against it publically. He talked and composed records requiring the world to ban it through the United Nations. Humans’ submitting same-species mass homicide and mental maltreatment against minority and ethnic gatherings was unnatural, bent, and shameless. Considering his support, he changed educating and exhorting positions constrained to quit working up discord, at last moving to USA in 1941. After his 1944 production, he had the option to become consultant to the US Supreme Court in the Nuremburg preliminaries in which annihilation was gone after for a long time. American policymakers didn't wish to stand in opposition to decimation or have obligation regarding driving a development against it. A huge scope military strike would †and did †cost numerous lives, dollars, and reactions. It required a national responsibility to Jews long haul and the related analysis. Lemkin constantly talked about destruction, at long last realizing the 1948 U.N. Show on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide in 1948 (ch. 4), around the same time that Israel turned into a country. Shockingly, Lemkin’s a years ago experienced a lot of resistance policymakers who would not like to proceed with endeavors against massacre. In any case, Senator William Proxmire and President Ronald Reagan gave extra driving force some time later for the fruitful sanction of Lemkin’s Genocide Convention (ch. 5). Lemkin had been named for the Nobel Peace Prize, granted different distinctions, and achieved a lot. Accordingly, he likely accepted that equity would at long last prevail upon slaughter in the second 50% of the twentieth century, prodded on by the establishment of his gathered activities and their outcomes. References Force, Samantha. A Problem from Hell†: America and the Age of Genocide. Parts 1-5 (17-78). Instructions to refer to Raphael Lemkin, Essay models

Masters Dissertation Writing Tips

Masters Dissertation Writing Tips There are several important tasks every student has to face during the process of studying, and writing a masters dissertation is one of them. The first thing worth mentioning about a dissertation is that it needs to be done well in order to get a masters degree. So, as you can see, we shouldnt underestimate all the responsibility of writing such kind of a task. Needless to say, that such a big responsibility makes you feel worried and tense all the time, even if you have enough time and there is no obvious reason for that. It seems like every student has fear for deadlines. Well, it is clear why: writing is a creative task and creativity shouldnt be limited by anything. On the other hand, even if you are pressed for time, you can write faster and cope with your tasks more effectively. Lets try to figure out how to do it right. The first step is choosing a topic you are interested in. You must be sure there is enough information to use for the topic you choose. Moreover, it should be relevant so that your teachers are also interested in what they are going to read. Try to look back at everything youve learned before and understand what particular topic was interesting for you. You may also choose something new, but be sure to consult your teacher to know whether it is suitable for your task. Your next step should be gathering all the necessary information before you will start writing. Once youve done that, make a plan in order to know the structure of a paper you are going to write. Take your notebook with you wherever you go because good ideas can come out of the blue. When you finally start writing, you should clearly see the outline of your paper. Do not put this stage off because you need to have enough time to edit and proofread your paper in the end. Keep in mind that you are writing an academic paper, so your language should be formal. No jargon or slang is accepted here. No matter how attentive you are while writing, you should look through your paper when you finish it to see whether there are any mistakes. Follow these tips and dissertation writing wont be a difficulty anymore. All the tips written above will work fine if you have enough time. Otherwise, you will need some help to cope with your task well. One of our experienced writers can help you out with your Masters dissertation. All you need to do is to place an order and tell our writer what kind of task you have and the deadline by which the task should be done. Save your time and effort and get the paper you need.

Top Advice on Ap English Language Analysis Essay Samples

Top Advice on Ap English Language Analysis Essay Samples The 5-Minute Rule for Ap English Language Analysis Essay Samples You should begin early before the exam to generate a great improvement. Strong language analysis abilities are the strength of any Section C piece, therefore it's critical you know how to conduct detailed and effective analysis. AP Language and Composition course is a huge deal, and your primary intent is to demonstrate your capacity to create decent analysis with an ideal structure and grammar indexes. The student forces the reader to create the connections. One of the most frequent varieties of analysis that college and higher school students perform. You'd probably be better off purchasing a well-reviewed review book with practice tests. In the instance of Barry's passage that you'll need to analyze how he uses rhetorical strategies as a way to portray scientific research. To approach such a writing, there are numerous steps which you could take to prepare. When you have access to multiple practice tests, it's possible to even take complete tests at distinct times in the studying procedure to observe how you've improved and what you still have to work on. The Birth of Ap English Language Analysis Essay Samples When you're writing an English essay, you have zero opportunity to confirm your paper by another individual. The conclusion plays a critical role in the feeling it ties up the full essay. To end the full essay, it's essential to make an overall concluding statement. You should offer information which is pertinent to your thesis. This upcoming rhetorical essay strategy is the secret to great organization and structure that will place your test anxiety to bed. You shouldn't use all these, but picking one and analyzing it clearly in 1 paragraph is going to keep you focused on the way in which the author employs rhetoric, which is the principal undertaking of this essay. The body paragraphs are the center of the essay. After writing the full essay, have a short break and reread it from front to back. You'll get well-written but cheap essays to enhance your grades. Within this exam review we'll lay out helpful strategies to secure you get through the rhetorical essays instantaneously. Whenever you do take practice tests, it can be useful to find someone else to assist grade your free-response essays dependent on the rubric. If you would like to track your scores, you can earn a totally free account with Varsity Tutors, but it's not essential in order to access the quizzes. New Step by Step Roadmap for Ap English Language Analysis Essay Samples Who we've got a mandatory school. We'll deal with them, and for a fair price, as we understand that students generally don't have plenty of money to spare. Students lead busy lives and frequently forget about an approaching deadline. Some students think about the completely free response section being the hardest portion of the whole English exam. For example, in your very first paragraph, you would discuss the way the very first author depicts New Zealand as a great island paradise. Though you ought not throw bombs at work only for the interest of writing the logos section. The material is going to be based on precisely the same subject matter, even in the event the contentions of written pieces differ. The term rhetorical is the adjective type of rhetoric. Incorrect assertions might be made about the passage. Revisit the text to verify. Be aware using description and narration. A piece cannot fascinate readers in the lack of truthful logic. Make certain your very first paragraph is neat. Never forget your body paragraphs are somewhat more important than the conclusion, and therefore don't slight them merely to put in a conclusion. Each individual paragraph should concentrate on a particular facet of the thesis.

The Media And The Issue Of Illegal Immigration - 777 Words

Paper #1: Discuss how the different media outlets frame the issue of illegal immigration? It is commonly known that media coverage of anything controversial can be faulty, and biased. ABC News and CCN News could cover the same story, in different ways. This is amplified in cases that affect different audiences (as in age, race, financial class), because certain stations are aimed towards a certain audience. A great example of this is FOX and FOX Latino. The two stations, though sister stations, have very different approaches on certain topics, one being illegal immigration. FOX tends to be very biased, while FOX Latino gives direct facts. Most people would assume that FOX and FOX Latino, sister stations, would have rather similar†¦show more content†¦They covered the controversy very differently. FOX Latino has an audience that is concerned about this problem of illegal immigration, and the problems the immigrants themselves are having. This is obvious by looking at the articles they have. These articles and news clips gives statistics of the hardships that the immigrants are facing, and discuss solutions to said difficulties. For example, On September 22nd, 2015 they posted an article titled Number of immigrant families, children arrested at border jumps more than 50%. Unlike some of their previous articles (IE - What Happens to US-Born Kids of Deported Undocumented Immigrants?) which was very involved and emotional, this one is rather detached. However, it does discuss theories on why this is a continuing problem, and why it changes throughout the year. FOX Latino is there to give information on illegal immigration, possible solutions, etc. They give the unbiased facts. FOX news has very different coverage on the subject. They are clearly fixated on discussing the problems that illegal immigration causes to them (middle class (white) America). For example, on September 14th, 2015 FOX reporter Kimberly Guilfoyle went viral for allegedly comparing immigrants to a brain tumor. In the next few days (September 16th, 2015) they publish an article Elusive crime wave data shows frightening toll of illegal immigrant criminals. This article was very negative towards the idea

Maxwell Boys School - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1628 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2017/09/16 Category Education Essay Type Argumentative essay Tags: School Essay Student Essay Did you like this example? Maxwell School ( Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Maxwell ) is a semi-control for boys ( and female students in form 6 ) and the oldest school in the north of Kuala Lumpur as well as one of the oldest in Kuala Lumpur and Malaysia. A student of the school is known as a Maxwellian. Maxwell School is well known for its high achievement in education and other activities in secondary schools level. Maxwell School is famous for its form 6 and has always produced among the top STPM results in Kuala Lumpur. It is considered as one of the best schools in Kuala Lumpur for its form 6 education. The History of the Maxwell School Established in 1917, it opened its doors to 110 students and five teaching staff on 1 June 1922. During its pre-war days, it functioned as a feeder school (primary school) to the Victoria Institution. By 1933, the school was shut down to public due to the recession but was opened as a private school from 1934 to 1938. It was then given to the Trade School for their use. During the Japanese Occupation, it was used as a camp for the dreaded Japanese Kempeitai. After the war, the school was used as a hostel by the newly formed Technical College until 1953, when, in September, the school was re-opened as Malayas first Modern Secondary School. Today, the Maxwell School is still housed in the same building and has remained a secondary school ever since. School Headmasters and Headmistresses 1917 1918 War Period 1919 1922 Establishment Period 1922 1925 Montague B. Brockwell 1925 1928 C. N. Beamish Aug 1928 Harold Ball 1928 1930 Agnes R. Cooke 1930 1930 M. Wheatley 1930 1933 C. W. Bloomfield 1933 1938 R. Thampipillay 1939 1941 Closed 1941 1945 War Period 1946 1953 Closed 1953 1954 William C. Cleine 1954 1956 Donald Priestley 1956 1957 Paul Chang 1957 1957 Razak Khan 1957 1961 Ong Choon Ghee 1961 1961 A. E. Navarasingam 1961 1968 Wong Ah Fatt 968 1979 P. Nadarajah 1979 1988 Victor Wong 1988 1990 Abdul Razak Mohammed 1990 1999 Ismail Sajad 1999 2001 Han Seng Kuang 2001 2006 Loy Liang Dee 2006 2006 Azmah BT Rajion 2006 2007 Datin Khairiah Abd Majid 2007 Prst Datin Zainab Bee Bte. Ismail [edit] European Headmistresses 1922 1923 Annie Grenier 1923 1924 J. H. Dennett 1924 1926 Edith L. Earnshaw 1926 1927 D. A. Peck 1927 1928 Helen D. Leith 1928 1929 Agnes R. Cooke 1929 1933 Nellie F. Careless [edit] School buildings The school originally consists of two blocks, the present day main block and the gymnasium block, which is now the library. The design and features of the two blocks is typical of the colonial era structures bearing some similarities with the Malayan Railway station and Sultan Abdul Saman buildings, both with Moorish designs. The school consists of a two – storey structure which was later extended to a block of solid masonry construction with arched openings along the corridors, typical of many of the school buildings that were built that time. There is a veranda on both side s of each storey ( main block ), high ceilings and broad stairways which depict typical colonial architecture. The Maxwell School is one of the very few schools in the nation that has not shifted and has remained in the original site from the very beginning itself. While the modern-day Ministry of Education has added many rectangular-shaped blocks to the school, the distinctive H shape of the main block is still one of the more interesting features of Kuala Lumpur. The structures that make up the Institution itself is a heritage of the nation. [edit] School song The schools first song was titled Disco Ut Serviam, written in 1954 by Mrs. A. V. Priestley, wife of the second post-war headmaster, Mr. Donald Priestly. The song was sung from 1954 until 1981. Service, not wealth or fame, From this our schools’ high aim, May we ne’er swerve, New boy and senior, Prefect and monitor, Eyes on the future, for learning we serve, And when in after years, we test in large spher es, Hand, brain and nerve, And fierce machinery, Commerce and industry, Science or policy, In all, we serve, So all our whole life through, The law which here we knew, We shall preserve, Heedless of selfish gain, May we with strength maintain, This, as our life’s refrain, Learning, we serve. In the early 1980s – when Mr. Victor Wong was headmaster – the late Mr. Leonard Wong was asked to compose a new school song. The lyrics was for the new song was written by Mrs. Soriah Abdullah and Mrs. G. Balakrishnan, with the music background provided by the latest Mr. Leonard Wong. Mara serentak, tuju kemasyhuran, Cabari dunia, capai kejayaan, Sumbangan bakti, mengharumkan Maxwell, Megah dan agung nama Maxwell. Tetap cekal, tempuhi rintangan, Buru cita penuh jiwa raga, Kegigihan satu amalan, Ikrar kita demi tujuan mulia. Mara serentak, tuju kemasyhuran, Cabari dunia, capai kejayaan, Sumbangan bakti, mengharumkan Maxwell, Megah dan agung nama Maxwell. edit] Student life What defines Maxwell School as a unique institution is the experience its students gain outside the classroom. Maxwellians, as the students of the school call themselves, take pride in identifying themselves as a class of versatile students, both in and out the classroom. It is an unspoken rule that all freshman students are required to join at least one uniform body, take on an active role in one of the schools 50 clubs and to participate in a least one sport. That said, Maxwell School has a variety of clubs, uniformed bodies and sports that caters for all sort of interests. The student life in the Maxwell School often revolves around societies and clubs and sport teams, despite the fact that Maxwell School does not have proper sporting facilities. [edit] Rivalry As like many other older schools, the Maxwell School has a fair share of rivals. St. Johns Institution, is the schools traditional archrivals. This rivalry can be best observed during visits by Maxwellians to St. Johns Institution and vice versa. Setapak High School and the Methodist Boys School, Sentul can also be included in this list, stretching back to the mid 1950s. [edit] Traditions and heritage It is only normal for a school as old as Maxwell School to have its own heritage and traditions, ones that have stood the test of time. While many of the colonial-period traditions have slowly eroded over the years, some are still in existence and practised. The first one, is the passing of the School Captain badge from Captain to Captain each year. Two, is the sewing of the prefects uniform done by the school tailor, and not bought from a retail shop. Another one would be of the invitation by the Old Boys Association of the school to the School Captain to attend the annual Dinner Night of the Association. Furthermore, the uniformed groups uniform is worn on every Wednesday. [edit] Sports Maxwell School has a proud history of achievements in sports, having won many state, national and internat ional championships throughout the past 50 years. Maxwell School currently participates in the Sentul zone at district level and in the MSSKL (Kuala Lumpur School Sports Council) tournament at the state level. Since its founding, the Maxwell School has won countless trophies and titles in football, hockey, athletics, cricket, sepak takraw and badminton. The highest achievement was made by the school football team in 1972, lead by Zainal Abidin Hassan, when the school emerged as runners up in the Singapore Lions Cup, a regional football event for secondary schools. Maxwell School has produced many famous Malaysian sportsmen including Zainal Abidin Hassan, E. C. Dutton (national goalkeeper) S. A. Azman (national tennis player) and many Malayan and national cricket players. Another outstanding sportsman of the 60s was Bashir Niamat Ali whose record time for the 100 yard sprint at the Selangor Combine School Athletics meet stood for many years. The heroes of Maxwell Schools sport s achievements are certainly the coaches, teachers and senior students who had often spare time and effort of their own for the love of the school. [edit] House There are four sport houses in Maxwell School. Every year the sports houses compete against each other on sports day. The Maxwell School Sports Day has been held since 1955. The houses are named after the founders of the state. The current houses are: Thamboosamy (Red) Swettenham (green) Yap Ah Loy (Blue) Sulaiman (yellow) [edit] Prefects Maxwell School has one of the oldest prefects board in Malaysia and Southeast Asia. It was founded 1929. After the war, the Prefects Board was re-initiated and the first School Captain was S. A. Azman in 1954. He later became one of Malayas first national tennis players. Prefects represent the ideal Maxwellian, and the process of nomination for prefecture by teachers and senior students, training, elimination processes, a several month stint as a Temporary Prefect (a probationary term), and the ragging that invariably follows is a gruelling one, ensuring that only the cream of Maxwellian society is given the right to put on the Prefects badge. Maxwellian Prefects also must abide by a strict protocol and Code of Conduct. The motto for the Maxwell School Prefects Board is, Dedicated Prefects Towards Discipline [edit] School crest Mr. Donald Priestley undertook the liberty of designing the school crest himself in 1954. This crest has four colours – green, yellow, blue white, with each colour having its own meaning. The colour green represents religion. The colour yellow represents royalty. The colour blue represents age whilst the colour white represents youth. On this crest, the shield shows a tiger, an opened book, the school motto, a compass which supports the opened book and an arrow pointing down surrounded by 8 blue and white stripes. The opened book is actually the Book Of Knowledge and the tiger is The Burning Tiger. The compass symbolized the sc hool’s status as a modern secondary school, offering technical and vocational subjects at that period of time. The school motto – Disco Ut Serviam – is the Latin word for I Learn That I May Serve. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Maxwell Boys School" essay for you Create order

Comparing Three Types Of Managers - 973 Words

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Discrimination In The Workplace Essay - 1379 Words

Research Title: Discrimination within the workplace: An insight into the experience of minority ethnic, race and age employees at the Turkish Airlines. Introduction: One of the most important problems of social life is the economic, social, cultural, demographic, etc. discrimination due to their different characteristics. Discrimination, often seen as one of the main problems of underdeveloped societies, is now seen in developing or developed countries, not only due to economic reasons. As the issue of discrimination, which is formed by economic, social or other factors, is personal, social consequences also have to be emphasized as a problem to be solved. In different areas, discrimination that researchers are working on is examined in†¦show more content†¦This project aims are learning and understand employee’s problems in job application also what happens during the recruitment. Discrimination has many issues within workplace, at the same time what happening before start work. 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All Quiet On The Western Front (604 words) Essay Example For Students

All Quiet On The Western Front (604 words) Essay All Quiet On The Western FrontAll Quiet On The Western FrontWar is often perceived as glamorous and an adventure. However, war destroys many people in many ways. No one should ever have to experience the things that one does during the time of war. War is senseless and no one truly wins. In the novel, All Quiet On The Western Front, written by Erich Ramarque, he tells about the vivid horror and raw nature of war and to change the popular belief that war is an idealistic and romantic character. It is about men who even though they may have escaped shells, were destroyed by the war. The major themes of the book are friendship, alienation and futility. One of the important theme in Remarque’s All Quiet On The Western Front is friendship. Paul and his friends help each other out even if its physically or emotionally. For example when Muller’s friend Paul return from visiting Kemmerich at the hospital, Muller presents him with â€Å"a fine piece of saveloy† (Remarque, pg.35) with rum and hot tea. Muller was trying his best to cheer up his bud from a depressing visit with Kemmerich by being friendly, which consisted of the gift of good food and beverage. Katzinsky and Baumer also show their friendship late on when they bring Tjaden and Kropp some of their cooked goose. This action was like cement to their friendship. Whenever there is a negative force, it pulled them together and helped them survive. Paul loses his innocence and childhood during the war. Paul receives a leave of absence; however, he finds it difficult to leave the war behind. Speak to me take me up take me, Life of my Youth you who are care-free, beautiful receive meagain(Remarque, pg.172). Paul can no longer conjure up the feelings of happiness which accompanied his youth, in essence his childhood is lost. The war has stripped Paul of his innocence and taken away everything that he treasured. Paul doesn’t know how will he fit in after the war or even if he will be able to fit in again. In war, men, who might otherwise be brothers, fight each other without knowing that the other side is human as well. For example, when Paul killed Gerard Duval,â€Å"But now, for the first time, I see you are a man like me. I thought of your hand-grenades, of your bayonet, of your rifle; now I see your wife and your face and our fellowship. Forgive me, comrade. We always see it too late. Why do they never tell us that you are poor devils like us, that your mothers are just as anxious as ours, and that we have the same fear of death, and the same dying and the same agonyForgive me, comrade; how could you be my enemy? ( Remarque, pg. 223). Paul realizes for the first time that, despite the dictates of nationalism, Duval is fundamentally no different from him. As Duval becomes a fully realized person in Pauls mind, as he thinks beyond the mans weapons to your wife and your face and our fellowship, Paul observes, as he does among the Russian prisoners, that the war has forced men who ar e not enemies to fight each other. The Novel describes the horror, the fear, the despair, and the death that was brought about by war. Through its description of war in one of its truest forms: Pain, suffering, and death. It takes a closer look at the effects of war and those who lose their lives in it.

Microsoft Essay Thesis Example For Students

Microsoft Essay Thesis MICROSOFTBriarcliffe CollegeMicrosoft Corporation, leading American computer software company. Microsoft develops and sells a wide variety of computer software products in more than fifty countries. Microsofts Windows operating systems for personal computers are the most widely use operating systems in the world. Microsoft had revenues of $14.4 billion for the fiscal year ending June 1998, and employs more than 27,000 people in 60 countries. Microsoft has its headquaters in Redmond Washington. Microsofts other well known products include, Word, a word processor; Excel, a spreadsheet program; Access, a database program; and PowerPoint, a program used for making business presentations. These products are sold separately from Windows as a part of Microsoft Office. Microsoft also makes Back Office, an integrated set of server products for businesses. Microsofts Internet Explorer allows users to browse the World Wide Web. Among Microsofts other products are reference applications; games; finical software; programming languages for software developers (eg; Visual Basic) ; input devices, such as pointing devices and keyboards; and computer related books. Microsoft operates The Microsoft Network (MSN), a collection of news, travel, financial, entertainment, and information Web sites. Microsoft and the National Broadcasting Company (NBC) jointly operate MSNBC, a twenty four hour news, talk, and information cable television channel and companion Web site. Microsoft was founded in 1975 by William H. Gates III and Paul Allen. The pair had teamed up in high school via their hobby of programming on the original PDP-10 computer from the Digital Equipment Corporation. In 1975 Popular Electronics magazine featured a cover story about the Altiar 8800, the first personal computer. The article inspired Gates and Allen to develop the first version of the BASIC programming language for the Altiar. They licensed the software to Micro Instrumentation and Telemetry Systems (MITS), the Altiars manufacturer, and formed Microsoft (originally Micro-soft) in Albuquerque, New Mexico, to develop versions of BASIC for other computer companies. Microsofts early customers included fledgling hardware firms such as Apple Computer, maker of the Apple II computer; Commodore, maker of the PET computer; and Tandy Corporation; maker of the Radio Shack TRS-80 computer. In 1977 Microsoft shipped its second language product, Microsoft FORTRAN, and it soon released vers ions of BASIC for the 8080 and the 8086 microprocessors. In 1979 Gates and Allen moved the company to Bellevue, Washington, a suburb of their hometown Seattle. ( Microsoft moved to its current headquaters in Redmond in 1986.) In 1980 International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) chose Microsoft to write the operating system for the IBM PC personal computer, to be introduced the following year. Under time and pressure, Microsoft purchased QDOS (Quick and Dirty Operating System) from Seattle programmer Tim Paterson for $50.000 and renamed it MS-DOS (Microsoft Disk Operating System). As part of its contract with IBM, Microsoft was permitted to license the operating system to other companies. By 1984 Microsoft had licensed MS-DOS to 200 personal computer manufacturers, making MS-DOS the standard operating system for personal computers and driving Microsofts enormous growth in the 1980s. As sales of MS-DOS took off, Microsoft began to develop business applications for personal computers. In 1982 Microsoft released Multiplan, a spreadsheet program, and the following year, it released a word processing program, Microsoft Word. In 1984 Microsoft was one of the few established software companies that to develop application software for the Macintosh, a personal computer developed by Apple Computer. Microsofts early support for the Macintosh resulted in tremendous success for its Macintosh Application software, including Word, Excel, and Works (an integrated software suite). Multiplan for MS-DOS, however, faltered against the popular Lotus Development Corporation. In 1985 Microsoft released Windows, an operating system that extended the features of MS-DOS and employed a graphical user interface. Windows 2.0 released in 1987, improved performance and offered a new visual appearance, In 1990 Microsoft released a more powerful version, Windows 3.0, which was followed by Windows 3.1 and 3.11. These versions which came preinstalled on most personal computers, rapidly became the most widely used operating systems. In 1990 Microsoft became the first personal computer software company to record $1 billion in annual sales. .u007dd294317d3177f58854c61f620f58 , .u007dd294317d3177f58854c61f620f58 .postImageUrl , .u007dd294317d3177f58854c61f620f58 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u007dd294317d3177f58854c61f620f58 , .u007dd294317d3177f58854c61f620f58:hover , .u007dd294317d3177f58854c61f620f58:visited , .u007dd294317d3177f58854c61f620f58:active { border:0!important; } .u007dd294317d3177f58854c61f620f58 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u007dd294317d3177f58854c61f620f58 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u007dd294317d3177f58854c61f620f58:active , .u007dd294317d3177f58854c61f620f58:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u007dd294317d3177f58854c61f620f58 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u007dd294317d3177f58854c61f620f58 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u007dd294317d3177f58854c61f620f58 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u007dd294317d3177f58854c61f620f58 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u007dd294317d3177f58854c61f620f58:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u007dd294317d3177f58854c61f620f58 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u007dd294317d3177f58854c61f620f58 .u007dd294317d3177f58854c61f620f58-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u007dd294317d3177f58854c61f620f58:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Life changing experience EssayAs Microsofts dominance grew in the market for personal computer operating systems, the company was accused of monopolistic business practices. In 1990 the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) began investigating Microsoft for alleged

CRNA Admissions Essay Sample

CRNA Admissions Essay SampleThe CRNA admission essay sample is a great resource to use. It will help you in answering questions about the application. You will be able to create answers that are totally unique and be able to show them off at your CRNA interview.When you have prepared for your CRNA interview, you will be one step closer to getting the position. After all, you do not want to leave your interview without an acceptance letter or notice of acceptance. You will need to have the letter in order to submit it to the school.The CRNA admission essay sample can be used to help prepare for the application essay. You will need to use this information when writing your own essay. This way, it will be easier to get the right information into the essay.If you do not know how to write an essay, you may want to consider using this sample. It can help you put everything you have learned into words. It will also help you focus on certain parts of the essay instead of remembering everythi ng.You will want to make sure that you include all of your personal details so that they are safe. This will help ensure that the information you write on the application will be passed on to the school. However, you will still want to follow directions when writing the essay.Remember that while you do not want to include too many personal details in your essay, you do not want to be too subtle either. If the school is going to be reading your application, you do not want them to have to guess at what is written on your application. You will want to make sure that you choose a theme to work with and give examples of how you were able to apply that theme.The CRNA admission essay sample will help you know what to include in your application essay. It will also help you to be prepared to speak at your interview. After all, you will be one step closer to landing the job.Your application essay is going to be your chance to let them know that you would like to work in this field. It is th eir opportunity to tell you that you should be hired for the position. The CRNA admission essay sample will give you insight on how to write the best essay possible.

Rough Water Ahead free essay sample

Assuming Smooth Sailing uses US GAAP to prepare its financial statements, how should Smooth Sailings management perform the recoverability test for the cruise ship as of December 31, 2010? In addressing this question, consider: a. What assets and liabilities should be included in the asset group for purposes of performing the recoverability test? Ans. : According to FAS 144. 41, Component of an entity describes operations and cash flows that can be clearly distinguished from the reminder of the entity, both operationally and for financially reporting purposes. A component of an entity may be an operating segment (as defined in FAS 131), a reporting unit (as defined in FAS 142). From the information given by the case, the cruise ship has its own identifiable cash flows that are largely independent of the cash flows of other asset groups. Therefore, each cruise ship can be classified as Component of an entity. An entity should also assess whether there is any indication that an Component of an entity may impair. We will write a custom essay sample on Rough Water Ahead or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page If any such indication exists, the entity should estimate the assets recoverable amount. The recoverable amount can be calculated as the higher of net selling price (value if sold) and value in use (prevent value of discounted expected future cash flows). Also, the operations and cash flows of the cruise ship must fulfill the following conditions. 1. The operations and cash flows of the cruise ship have been (or will be) eliminated from the ongoing operations of the entity following the disposal 2. The cruise ship will not have significant continuing involvement in the operations after disposal. From the information given, Smoothing Sailing fulfill the above two conditions. Since Smoothing Sailing can calculated the estimated future cash flow, this can be used in performing the recoverability test. For liabilities, the cruise ship is financed with nonrecourse debt. If the borrower defaults , the lender can seize the collateral but the recovery is limited to the collateral. Therefore, it is reasonable to deduce that the recoverable amount is the value if sold in this case. According to FAS 144. 34-37, a long-lived asset classified as held for sale is initially measured at the lower of carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell. How should the multiple operating scenarios impact the recoverability test? According to FAS 144. 22. fair value is the amount at which an asset could be bought or sold in a current transaction between willing parties, that is, other than in a forced or liquidation sale. The fair value may be determined with reference to the following three conditions sequentially. 1. Quoted market prices in active markets 2. Estimates based on the values of similar assets or 3. Estimates based on the results of valuation techniques From the information given, there is no mentioning of any quoted market or any other value of similar assets. Therefore, according to FAS142. 23, if quoted market prices are not available, estimated fair values should be based on the best information available or other valuation methods, such as present values of future cash flows or multiples of earning or revenue. That is, we have to use the estimated results of valuation techniques. The next consideration is whether we have to discount the future cash flow. According to FAS144. A review for impairment requires an estimate of the future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition. Only if the sum of the expected future cash flows(undiscounted and without interest charges) is less than the carrying amount of the asset, should an impairment loss be recognized. The amount of the impairment loss should be assessed as the amount at which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds its fair value. Therefore we should estimate the future cash flows without discount. By considering the multiple scenarios, the expected future cash flows (recoverable value) should be,

Top tips for high-impact documents - Emphasis

Top tips for high-impact documents Top tips for high-impact documents Get your business writing noticed with these easy-to-follow tips. Start with the reader in mind Do they know much about the topic? Do they understand your jargon or acronyms? How important is this information to them? How interested are they in it? (Thats not the same thing.) Be sure of your core message before you start writing Imagine you are going on TV for a three-minute interview. Could you sum up the value of your topic in three minutes? Write yourself a short statement (fewer than 30 words) that you could use as a memory aid to help you sell your topic to the interviewer. Try using it to clarify your thoughts on the issue while speaking to a trusted colleague. This will all help you keep the main message in mind when youre doing the writing itself. Be sure to make your beginning memorable If you dont grab your reader at the beginning of the document, you are wasting your time. Getting a reader started is the most difficult part of writing, but there are techniques you can use. Try starting with a surprise statement for instance, or contrasting how things were in the recent past with how they are now (in two or three sentences). Go out with a bang Good endings are almost as important as good beginnings. The last thing you want to do is leave the reader with the impression that youve just run out of things to say. Useful techniques are: looking to the future, repeating a major issue or summarising. But be careful with the last one: keep that summary to two or three sentences. Keep it short and simple Write to express, not to impress. (No flowery language.) Good ideas come across much better in plain English. That means: write the person or subject before the verb. The company received the order is better than The order was received by the company. Make your sentence structure logical Say what the sentence is about straight away, before you add extra information. Say whats happening, before you say why. Use graphics where possible We all learn in different ways. Some people like written explanations, while others are more visual and prefer graphics and illustrations. Pictures are therefore a great way of drawing visual people into your document. (Be careful with clip art, though.) So use a graph rather than a table of data, for example. Stick to two fonts Use one serif font (eg Times) for the body text and one sans serif font (eg Arial) for headings and subheadings. E-mail Limit messages to one screen and use attachments for longer messages.

Project in colombia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Project in colombia - Essay Example However, since 20110, the ethnic and political violence has significantly reduced thereby developing a business environment. The United States entered the free trade agreement with Colombia in an attempt to develop the previously small economy thereby possibly creating some stability. The agreement that allows both Colombian and American nationals ease of movement between the two countries has so far benefited both countries. Colombia produces cotton and is a great exporter of the same to the United States. The free trade agreement allows for the unregulated exploitation of the resources in the two countries by nationals from either country. While the country exports such large amount of cotton, she still suffers from massive levels of unemployment with the rate estimate at ten percent. It is therefore in the spirit of the free trade agreement that the projects seeks to set up a textile company in the republic of Colombia. The project is likely to benefit Colombia in a number of ways while the investors target a substantial profit margin. With an unemployment rate of ten percent, it is more probable that Colombia has cheaper labor than the United States, the company will therefore solicit the readily available labor, coupled with lower rates of cotton in the country and the company is more likely to make great profits. The free trade agreement protects the investments of nationals from either country in case of any insecurity incident. Additionally, to obtain better protection the republic of Colombia has a number of insurance company most of which are American based offering American tariffs in the country (Pickton & Broderick, 2005). The success of the bilateral trade between the two countries relies on their efforts in upholding the terms of the agreement. The agreement benefits both the countries and they signed to it owing to its lucrative nature and the possibility of developing the countries. In the spirit of the country, the two countries have effective tax schemes to investors and goods produced in either country as though are in the mother country. This prevents exploitation of investors. Additionally, it prevents the mistreatment of foreign nationals in the countries. The Americans therefore access Colombia markets as though Colombians and vice versa. Additionally, the countries should coexist peacefully. Peace favors investments thus growth. Inter country squabbles destroy the diplomatic relations between countries thus stunts growth and creates animosity between the countries thereby eliminating any business possibilities (Bahreini, Willis & Primack, 1988). The American textile industry therefore has a number of success possibilities key among which is the effective management of the available resources in the republic of Colombia. With readily available cotton retailing at the local market value and cheaper labor, the company is more likely to make more profit. In setting up in Colombia, the company forgoes the cotton transp ortation and importation duties. Besides, the country has reliable yet cheaper electricity a fact that implies that producing the textiles in Colombia is cheaper than a similar production in the United States of America (Petrickv& Quinn, 1997). To maximize profits, the company should access both the

Self- Reflection Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Self- Reflection - Personal Statement Example eating timetables was a habit that developed in me that was similar to building castles in the air; so much so that my timetables would sometimes have time set aside for the creation of more timetables in the future. The fact that I would make more than one (quite a few in fact) timetables meant that one could easily be changed for the other and I would not need to put in the effort that would be required so as to adhere to a particular timetable. The timetables that I created with the decreasing amount of time at my disposal started to become more and more impractical and thus made me increasingly desperate. This made a certain kind of desperation set into my mental makeup and I started thinking that I would never be able to do well in my studies. This points to another flaw in the strategy that I had drawn up during the last semester. The setting of impractical goals led me to the same point that impractical schedules did. A feeling started to set in my mind that made me feel that I would never be able to achieve my goals. With the passing of time, this feeling started to get worse and paradoxically, my schedules started to get even more hectic and unmanageable. Laziness is probably the root of much of the failure that I encountered this semester. To rectify this problem in most aspects of my life shall be an aim that I adopt beginning with this semester. To cultivate a work ethic that makes me accountable to myself would be one of the things that I would attempt to do this semester. As a result of this, I believe my grades would improve and I would also be able to understand how results are achieved and hence value labor as it should be. This would also prevent me from taking goals and targets lightly. I would be able to become aware of the fact that a victory is achieved through slow and steady hard work. Attempts at finding shorter routes to success cost me last semester and I would advise anybody who is a student to not attempt to find a substitute for hard

Biblical rationale for koinonia Essay Example for Free

Biblical rationale for koinonia Essay The term ‘Koinonia’, a Greek word, occurs around 20 times in New Testament. Each of these verses give one or more aspects of the Koinonia as implied by the original Greek term. Koinonia is mostly translated in English New Testament as ‘Fellowship’. The meaning of the Greek word takes many forms – Fellowship, close relationship, participation, gift, companion, partner and sharer. 1 Koinonia first occurs in Acts 2: 42. â€Å"They devoted themselves to the apostles teaching and to the fellowship, to the breaking of bread and to prayer. † 2 Some of the important passages are, â€Å"We proclaim to you what we have seen and heard, so that you also may have fellowship with us. And our fellowship is with the Father and with his Son, Jesus Christ. † 3 â€Å"If we claim to have fellowship with him yet walk in the darkness, we lie and do not live by the truth. † 4 â€Å"But if we walk in the light, as he is in the light, we have fellowship with one another, and the blood of Jesus, his Son, purifies us from all sin. † 5 â€Å"May the grace of the Lord Jesus Christ, and the love of God, and the fellowship of the Holy Spirit be with you all. † 6 â€Å"For what do righteousness and wickedness have in common? Or what fellowship can light have with darkness? † 7 â€Å"If you have any encouragement from being united with Christ, if any comfort from his love, if any fellowship with the Spirit, if any tenderness and compassion, then make my joy 1. Richard J. Goodrich, Albert L. Lukaszewski, A Reader’s Greek New Testament (Michigan: Zondervan, 2003),375-376. 2. Acts 2:42 3. 1 John 1:3 4. 1 John 1:6 5. 1 John 1:7 6. 2 Corinthians 13:14 7. 2 Corinthians 6:14 1 complete by being like minded, having the same love being one in spirit and purpose. † 8 â€Å"I want to know Christ and the power of his resurrection and the fellowship of sharing in his sufferings, becoming like him in his death. † 9 A care full reading of these passages denote Koinonia to mean, fellowship, fellow ship with fellow humans, fellowship with the Triune God – God the father, God the Son and God the Holy Spirit, common attribute – holiness, common bond – Love, like minded, one in Spirit and purpose, and the purpose of this fellowship is to become like Christ. This fellowship is possible only with similar characteristics – purity, which is made possible by the blood of Jesus Christ, our Redeemer. Fellowship with Christ means in Pauline thought, being in Christ, in Christ’s words, being in Christ to give fruits. This term is associated with the church. Bible says Church is the body of Christ. 10 Church is not the making of men but it is the creation of our Lord. God is the author of the church. So also Koinonia is not of men but it is the gift of God. It is evident then that the fellowship meant by the term Koinonia denotes the fellowship between the members of the church and that with Christ. Koinonia is brought into the church by the Holy Spirit and with out God the Trinity present in the church, there is no koinonia worth mentioning. It can be said, Koinonia is the God’s plan for the church. God wants fellowship with His created beings and also wants that fellowship to permeate among his created beings. The Koinonia – Fellowship with God has a definite purpose, entails participation in God’s plan and being partner and sharing in his work- his vine yard.   8. Philippians 2:1, 2 9. Philippians 3:10 10. Ephesians 5:24-32 The concept of Missions ensues from the study of Koinonia. We can clearly see this concept through out Bible. Fellowship with God Creation scenario. In Genesis, we see God creates all the universe and Adam. God wanted Adam to have fellowship. God and Adam had fellowship. But when sin entered humanity, effecting the fall of man, Adam wantonly got away from the presence of God and the agony and anguish inflicted on God is reflected by God’s question â€Å"Adam ,where are you? †11 Fall of man. The consequence of sin is the loss of Fellowship with God. The corollary of this is the loss of fellowship among human beings as depicted by the Cain-Abel episode. Instead of loving fellowship- Koinonia, there arose jealousy, hatred, and enmity resulting in murder. When God asked Cain , â€Å"where is your brother, Cain lied, saying I don’t know. He even protested saying, am I his keeper? a reckless answer. Sin breeds lies and recklessness. The scenario was continuing and the mankind was estranging from God’s intended purpose of creation, kindling the indignation of God, resulting in the deluge during Noah’s time. But there are instances of people having fellowship with God like Enoch and Noah. Life of Enoch. It is written in Bible, that Enoch walked with God while living in this world. God took him at his 365th age. Enoch’s life illustrates a life of constant and continuous fellowship with God. Life of Noah. Noah lived a life pleasing to God denoting the fellowship he had with God. God was communicating with Noah and Noah was responding to God’s instructions and doing the work God had given to him. Fellowship entails partnership and participation of the God’s plan. Call of Abraham. God called Abraham to follow him and Abraham faithfully followed him. Godetween God and Abraham seen in this passage is a fine example of Fellowship – close relationship between God and Abraham. God wanted to bless the whole world through Abraham and reestablish the lost fellowship between God and humanity. The chosen tribe of Israel, with whom God wanted to establish fellowship, is the descendant of Abraham. The nation of Israel. The nation of Israel is the chosen one for establishing God’s fellowship with humanity. God wanted to bless the whole nations of the world through Israel. God blessed Egypt through Joseph. He blessed Babylon through Daniel. God planted his presence among Israel during their sojourn in wilderness, all through day and night. God communicated with Moses face to face, just like a friend. Moses had good fellowship with God. The nation of Israel was not faith full all the time and sinned against God. Sin estranges God’s people from God and the fellowship is lost. God wanted to reestablish the fellowship and he raised many prophets to give clarion call and to bring back people to his fold. Prophets. The mind of God is clearly depicted in the messages of the prophets. Through Isaiah God laments, â€Å"I reared children and brought them up, but they have rebelled against me. † 13 Fellowship is lost when there is rebellion, â€Å"The Ox knows his master, the donkey his owner’s manger, but Israel does not know, my people do not understand. † 14 Fellowship is lost when there is no understanding, when there is loss of communication. God laments through Prophet Jeremiah, â€Å"†¦what fault did your fathers find in me that 12. Genesis 18: 17-33 13. Isaiah 1: 2 14. Isaiah 1: 3 they strayed so far from me? †15 God anguishes, â€Å"my people have committed two sins: they have forsaken me, the spring of living water, and have dug their own cisterns, broken cisterns that cannot hold water. † 16 God is the living water, but the nation of Israel have opted the worldly things instead of God, showing that the fellowship with God is lost when the close relation ship with him is lost. God says, Israel has forgotten him, â€Å"Does a maiden for get her Jewelry, a bride her wedding? yet my people have forgotten me with out number. † 17 God says, â€Å"My people are fools, they do not know me. They are sense less children; they have no understanding they are skilled in doing evil they know not how to do good. † 18 When the fellowship with God is lost, knowledge of God and understanding of God’s ways are lost, and the ability to perform good works glorifying God is also lost. In all these passages God complains of the loss of fellowship with his chosen people. But God longs to re establish the lost relationship. God says, Return faithless Israel†¦ I will frown on you no longer, for I am merciful, I will not be angry for ever†¦for I am your husband. I will choose you †¦I will give shepherds after my own heart, who will lead with you with knowledge and understanding †¦Return faithless people, I will cure you of your backsliding. (Jeremiah, 3:12, 14, 15, 22) God expresses his love for his people through the prophets. Through Jeremiah, He says, â€Å"Is not Ephraim my dear son, the child in whom I delight? Though I often speak against him, I still remember him. There fore my heart yearns for him, I have great compassion for him†. 19 Here we see the mind of God. Though the chosen nation has sinned and estranged from God, loosing the fellowship, God’s heart yearns for them and God longs to re establish the fellowship– the relationship.   15. Jeremiah, 2:5 16. Jeremiah, 2:13 17. Jeremiah, 2:32 18. Jeremiah, 4:22 19. Jeremiah, 31:20 God’s agony for the estranged people is depicted in the writings of Prophet Hosea, My people are determined to turn from me. †¦ How can I give up you Ephraim? How can I hand you over, Israel? †¦My heart is changed within me; all my compassion is aroused. I will not carry out my fierce anger, nor will I turn and devastate Ephraim. For I am God, and not man- the Holy one among you. ( Hosea, 11: 7-9) Here we see, God says he is among his people, but his people turn from him; but still God is compassionate and agonized. God promises through Prophet Jeremiah, making new covenant, forgiving their wicked ness and making them His People. â€Å"†¦ I will put my law in their minds and write in their hearts. I will be their God and they will be my people. †¦ for I will forgive their wickedness and will remember their sins no more. † 20 Here we see fellow ship with God is re established when sins are for given. The new covenant foresees a conversion in the mind of God’s people. The new covenant is best expressed by prophet Isaiah in Chapter 53, which talks of the Redeemer suffering for the sins of his people. Isaiah states, Surely he took up our infirmities and carried our sorrows †¦ But he was pierced for our transgressions, he was crushed for our iniquities; the punishment that brought us peace was upon him. †¦the Lord has laid on him the iniquity of us all †¦ he was cut off from the land of the living; for the transgression of my people he was stricken. (Isaiah, 53: 4-8) The Redeemer took all the iniquities and bore all the punishment to bring forgiveness and restoring the peace and relation ship with the Godhead for his people. Fellowship with God is possible only when the sins are forgiven and when similar characteristics exist among all. The fulfillment of Prophecy and the advent of Jesus. At the appointed time, the eternal Son of God took the form of humanity and was born of Virgin Mary according to the scriptures   20. Jeremiah, 31:33, 34 . and with the fulfillment of prophecy. Gospel according to Mathew records the statement of the angel, She will give birth to a son, and you are to give him the name Jesus, because he will save his people from their sins†¦. All this took place to fulfill what the Lord had said through the prophet: ‘The virgin will be with child and will give birth to a son, and they will call him Immanuel’ which means, ‘God with us. ’ (Mathew, 1: 21-23) Here we see, â€Å"Jesus will save his people from their sins, and â€Å"they will call him Immanuel, which means God with us –God dwells amongst us. The second God head of the Trinity has assumed permanently the human nature so that He will dwell among the humans, and he will forgive their sins and justify them as sinless. This is the essence of the Gospel. Because of the advent of Christ Jesus, fellowship with humans is established. The teachings of Jesus. The Jews- Pharisees taught the Old testament scriptures scrupulously, leaving the essence of the scriptures. Jesus taught the scripture truths effectively using parables driving the central, deep, and spiritual points of the truth. Apart from the ethical teachings contained in the sermon of the mount, Jesus taught his disciples how to do the will of God effectively, â€Å"The work of God is this: to believe in the one he has sent. † 21 In essence believing in the son of God is the work pleasing to God. The Gospel truth is well given in the words of Jesus, â€Å"to all who received him, to those who believed in his name, he gave the right to become children of God,†22 and â€Å"God so loved the world that he gave his one and only Son, that whoever believes in him shall not perish but have eternal life. †23 The sole requirement of salvation on the part of men is to believe in the Name (Person) of Jesus and receive him. 1 John 6: 29 22 John 1: 12 23 John 3: 16 Abiding in Christ. Jesus explains the importance of abiding with him in Gospel according to John Chapter, 15. Here we see fellow ship between Jesus and the believer is compared to the vine tree and the branches. Only when the branch remain in the tree it can be alive and give fruits. Apart from the tree the branch itself cannot give fruits. So if we are in fellowship with Jesus and Jesus in us, we will be fruitful. And God will be glorified because of our good fruits. 24 The fellowship entails giving good fruits for the glory of God. We may compare and contrast this with God’s question in the prophecy of Jeremiah, â€Å"I had planted you like a choice vine of sound and reliable stock. How then did you turn against me into a corrupt, wild vine? †25 God planted Israel as a good vine tree expecting good fruit, but it turned into a corrupt and wild vine. The reason for this unfruitfulness is the non abiding nature of the nation Israel. What is the fruit Jesus is talking about? Jesus explicitly says to obey his commands, the chief command being the command to love each other as Jesus has loved us, â€Å"My command is this: Love each other as I have loved you. †26 Jesus has taught that love is the fulfillment of Law and Prophecies. Jesus has summarized the law as, 1). Loving God whole heartedly and 2) loving the neighbor as oneself. 27 Fellow ship and Church assembly. Jesus promises to be with us where ever two or three come together in his name, â€Å"where two or three come together in my name, there am I with them. †28 This denotes the fellowship – Koinonia between the believers and the Savior. The criteria required are, 1) gathering in His name, 2) togetherness- oneness of mind. 24 John 15: 1-8. 25 Jeremiah 2: 21 26 John 15: 12 27 Mark 12: 30,31 28 Mathew 18: 20 Fellowship and Missions. Jesus promises to be with us always to the end of the age, â€Å"†¦ and teaching them to obey everything I have commanded you. And surely I am with you always, to the very end of the age. † 29 This promise is given at the great commission denoting the fellowship of the savior is assured for the carrying out of the great commission. The fellowship has a definite purpose, doing the will of God, partaking in his plan of salvation taking the Gospel message to the un reached. Fellowship- Koinonia has a definite Missionary perspective. Fellowship and interpersonal relationship. Jesus gave importance for both the vertical relation ship- relation ship between the person and God and the horizontal relation ship- the person and his neighbor. We see this concept in many of his parables. A beautiful example of the God’s requirement of fellow ship- Koinonia is given in the parable of prodigal son. 30 Here we see the second son went away from the fellowship of his father and his brother and lived a sinful life, wasting all his resources and finally repented and returned to his father. But the loving father was all along waiting for his return and received him whole heartedly and restored him his son ship, and there was joy and celebration in the house hold. But the elder son could not digest this. He could not forgive his brother and was arguing with his father. The father admonished him and states, â€Å"†¦ we had to celebrate and be glad, because this brother of yours was dead and is alive again he was lost and is found. † 31 This parable tells the mind of God. He wants all to be saved and wants his people to cooperate with him in saving people. Thus Koinonia results in gladness. Jesus, in his high priestly prayer prayed to the Father, â€Å"†¦that they may be one as we are one: I in them and you in me. May they be brought to complete unity to let the world know   29 Mathew 28:20 30 Luke 15: 12-32 31 Luke 15: 32 that you send me †¦Ã¢â‚¬ 32 Fellowship – Koinonia as envisaged by Jesus is complete unity, unity in purpose, action, witness, and partnering with Christ in carrying out God’s will of saving people. The birth of the Church is in direct answer to this High priestly prayer of Jesus. The birth of the Church. Church is not a mere organization involving Christians. Church is the mystical body of Christ for carrying out the plan of God in saving the nations. Augustine affirmed that â€Å"Church is the mystical body of Christ whose principle or unity is that it is a fellowship of love. † 33 Church is the body of Christ, in that through the Spirit Christ is ruling inspiring, sustaining and uniting power in the church. †¦ It is the presence and working of the Holy Spirit which makes church the body of Christ. † 34 In Acts, we see â€Å"†¦ the Lord added to their numbers daily those who were being saved. † 35 So it is clear, Church is the making of God. In the spiritual sense there is only one Church – Church Universal, spiritual, and invisible. But practically we see many denominations- big and small. These are all local assemblies, practicing Christians. The one universal, Spiritual, holy, apostolic, and catholic church comprises of members from all local assemblies, big or small, from all parts of the earth, with out any difference of race or culture or language. Fellowship among Christians Christians have fellow ship with the father, Son and Holy Spirit and with one another. Possession of the Spirit is the decisive mark of being a Christian. 36 The fellowship with God leads one to fellowship with fellow believers, because â€Å"God has poured out his love into our hearts by 32 John 17: 22-23 33 Owen C. Thomas p 233 34 Owen C. Thomas p 231 35 Acts 2: 47 , 36 Owen C. Thomas p 231 the Holy Spirit. † 37 A. Nygren argues in his book Agape and Eros â€Å"The fundamental theme of Christian faith and life is Agape, God’s love for humanity in Christ and in response humanity’s love for their neighbors. † 38 Surely there exists Koinonia between true believers, what ever be the denominational difference among them. The one sign of the universal Koinonia is the existence of un explainable love towards the fellow Christian of any denomination. The absence of this love is a clear proof of heretical leanings. Koinonia – Fellow ship is the mark of any Christian assembly. The fellowship characteristics expected out of any Christian assembly as listed out in Unger’s Bible dictionary, â€Å"Confession of faults to one another with prayer, James 5:16 . Assembly with exhortation and provoking to love and good works. Hebrews 10: 24, 25. Partaking of Lord’s supper. I. Corinthians11:24, 25. Ministering to the Saints: Acts11:29, Romans 12:13, 15: 25, I Cor. 16:1, 2. II Cor. 8:4, Heb: 13:16. Bearing infirmities of the week and edification, Rom: 15:1. Love for and fellowship with one another is necessary as an evidence to love of God. I John 4:12. Christ prayed that his people might have fellow ship with each other. Fellowship with God is essential to fruitfulness. Jn15:4†. (Unger’s Bible Dictionary 1983, 349) On a look of the early Christian Church, one can easily find the marks of Koinonia among Believers. We see in Acts 2:42, â€Å"They devoted themselves to Apostolic teaching, Breaking of bread- meaning partaking in Lord’s supper, Prayer, being together, had every thing in common, selling their possessions and giving to the needy, glad and sincere, and praising God†. The immediate effect of the Koinonia among the early Christians was that the other people came to know of this and filled with awe favoring the believers and the Church began to grow as God was adding the new converts. 37 Romans 5:5 38 Owen C. Thomas p 265 It is not out of context to quote a famous Tamil Evangelist, N. Jeevanandam regarding the Christian fellowship. While he was giving a message on Christian unity and love, narrated a vision that he had. While he was praying, he in his vision, was taken to Hell by an angel. There he saw all in pandemonium. There was a dining table and there were food available on it. People surrounded the dining table and were very hungry and desirous of eating. But they were unable to eat as their hands were stiff and they could not take the food to their mouth. After struggling for some time they got restless and started cursing each other for their plight, accusing one another and were hitting each other. There was utter pandemonium. At the next vision, the angel took him to Heaven. He was taken to a dining room, and the dining table was full of eatables. People came to the dining table and they were all in joy full mood, and started praising God. On closely looking on them, the evangelist found out that these people also could not bend their elbow. But they all started to eat, praising God. They started feeding one another with their stiff hands with out any difficulty, patting each other. They all cooperated with each other, there was happiness and praising. The message is simple- by helping others one fulfills the Royal law, ‘love your neighbor as your self’ 39. The new law of love cares for one another, honors, accepts, serves, and encourages others. God, as a father wants His children to live at peace and harmony with each other. St Paul Teaches in his epistles, If you have any encouragement from being united with Christ, if any comfort from his love, if any fellowship with the Spirit, if any tenderness and compassion, then make my joy complete by being like-minded, having the same love, being one in spirit and purpose. Do nothing out of selfish ambition or vain conceit, but in humility consider others better than yourselves. 4Each of you should look not only to your own interests, but also to the interests of others. Your attitude should be the same as that of Christ Jesus. (Philippians 2:1-5) __________________ 39 James 2: 8 Biblical rationale for small groups We have seen the Church is a Spiritual entity and God is the author of it, it is catholic-means universal, and invisible. The local Christian assemblies, big or small, are all part of the Spiritual Church. God only knows who all part of the Church are. The one and only qualification needed on the part of the believer to be a part of this Church is faith in Jesus – the shed blood of Jesus Christ effecting â€Å"Justification by faith†. Salvation is free and is of the Grace of God. Having justified freely, the believer gratefully obeys the Lord, and is in spiritual union with the Savior, participating with Christ and fellow believers in carrying out the will of God, with the ultimate goal of glorifying God. The chief end of Koinonia is the glorification God, through worship acceptable and work fruitful. As long as these criteria are met, there is no problem with the size of the congregation, whether big or small. There is often difficulty on the part of one Church group in practicing Koinonia with another group, because of doctrinal differences. It is human to cast doubt about other side. It takes maturity to understand and acknowledge other groups. We find a beautiful example in the life of Moses. The people of Israel were murmuring and complaining against God and Moses. Moses was much grieved and he prayed to God that he can not take the burden of leading the people single handed and wanted God to take him away. But God told Moses to gather 70 elders so that he will put the Spirit on them and so did Moses. God sent the Spirit to all the seventy elders and when the Spirit came, all of them prophesied. But of the seventy, two elders – Eldad and Medad were not in the company of Moses but were in the camp and they had also prophesied. Coming to know of this, Joshua asked Moses to stop them. Moses replied, â€Å"Are you jealous for my sake? I wish that all the LORDs people were prophets and that the LORD would put his Spirit on them! † 40 Here we see a beautiful example of leadership, magnanimity and tolerance on the part of Moses. Joshua, out of loyalty towards Moses, wanted others, who are not in the company of Moses, to be derecognized. But Moses wants all the people to be prophets like him whether they are in his company or not. We see another similar instance in New Testament. John tried to stop another man who was driving out demons in the Name of Jesus, reasoning that he is not of their company. But Jesus said, â€Å"Do not stop him, for whoever is not against you is for you†. 42 Group loyalties should give way to loyalty towards God. Koinonia should be manifested universally, with out any local loyalty. Heresy and Cults. Another aspect we have to consider regarding small groups is the Doctrinal Purity. Through out the church history, one can find heretical movements. There is a danger of development of heretical tendencies in small groups. , distorting the Gospel message as taught by Christ and Apostles. The leaders of the small groups may introduce novel doctrines by giving false interpretations of the Bible passages, even to the extent of denying the Lord who has bought them with his blood. The modus operandi of these leaders is to introduce novelty to attract more people. Their motive is aggrandizing themselves. This problem is existing even from N. T. period. Jesus and the Apostles have warned of these people. 43 Numbers 11:29 42 Luke 9:49,50 43 Mt 24:5, 11,24; Acts 20:40; Rom 16: 17,18; 2 Peter 2:1-3; 1 Tim 6:3-5 Examples of heretics of early Church are, Montanists, Arians, and Gnostics. Modern day heresy is Jehovah Witness. Cults. Small groups may initially exhibit much cohesiveness and have very close knit fellowship, attracting it’s members to its fold. The members will be totally loyal to the group leader even surpassing loyalty to Christ. These small groups, if with out communion with other Christian communities, may develop into a close circuit community with secret doctrines and dealings. The leader of the cult will exert out right control over the members of the group, almost enslaving them, indoctrinating them, and leading them astray- away from the true doctrine. The leader may even assume superhuman postures, demanding and accepting allegiance more than that is given to Christ who has shed his blood, bought and redeemed them. Then the group will lose its Christian character and outlook, the members will backslide, losing the grace and Joy of Salvation and get separated from the fold of Christ. A few examples of the past decades are, 1). Sun Moon group of South Korea, 2). Jim Jones group of United States of America, and 3) Paul Asir Laurie group of India. So it is always safe and advisable for the small groups to have some form of communion with the established major Church groups. Summary Koinonia – fellowship is a divine attribute, a divine creation, and it is alien to carnal human mind. Koinonia is possible only with the participation of Godhead- the Triune God- God the Father, God the Son and God the Holy Spirit, and any show of fellow ship with out God’s presence is only hypocritical exhibit, concealing the selfish human attribute. Koinonia as manifested in the early church is God’s plan for carrying out his will – taking the message of Salvation to all mankind. Koinonia exists in the Church and God is present among his people in the Church- The Church Universal, mystic, spiritual – the body of Christ. The prerequisites of membership in the universal Church for humans are; Justification by faith in Jesus, cleansing of sins by the blood of Christ, and sanctification by Holy Spirit. The love of God is shed abroad in the hearts of members by Holy Spirit and this is the bond of fellowship- Koinonia. The local church groups, big or small, are all part of the universal church. The visible signs of Koinonia in Church groups are: the joyful worship of the Triune God and fellowship with partaking of Holy Eucharist, love and concern for one another, Joy of sharing and caring, helping and lifting the weak, honest and transparent dealing with one another, partaking in the joys and tribulations of one another, taking care of other’s needs, encouraging one another, and considering others better than oneself. BIBLIOGRAPHY Thomas, Owen C. Introduction to Christian Theology. Delhi: ISPCK, 2000. The NIV Study Bible, The Zondervan Corporation, 1985 Unger, Merrill F. Unger’s Bible Dictionary. Chicago: Moody press, 1983,